Playground Safety and Air Quality

Keep your children safe at playgrounds with air quality guidelines for outdoor play.

Playground Air Quality Thresholds by Age

Toddlers (Ages 1-3)

  • AQI 0-50: Safe for outdoor play
  • AQI 51-75: Limit to 30-45 minutes, frequent breaks
  • AQI 76-100: Short visits only (15-20 minutes)
  • AQI 101+: Keep indoors

Preschoolers (Ages 3-5)

  • AQI 0-50: Normal playtime
  • AQI 51-100: Limit active running games, more breaks
  • AQI 101-125: Quiet outdoor play only, 20 minutes max
  • AQI 126+: Stay indoors

School Age (Ages 6-12)

  • AQI 0-75: Full outdoor play
  • AQI 76-125: Reduce intensity, avoid running games
  • AQI 126-150: Brief outdoor time only
  • AQI 151+: Indoor activities only

Activity Modifications by AQI Level

AQI 0-50 (Good): Normal Play

  • All playground activities safe
  • Running, climbing, swinging unrestricted
  • Normal duration outdoor play

AQI 51-100 (Moderate): Minor Adjustments

  • Reduce continuous running games
  • Add water breaks every 20 minutes
  • Watch for coughing or fatigue
  • Limit playground time to 45-60 minutes
  • Children with asthma should take it easier

AQI 101-150 (Unhealthy for Sensitive): Significant Limits

  • Quiet play only - no tag or chase games
  • Swings and slides OK at slower pace
  • Limit to 15-20 minutes outside
  • Avoid playgrounds near busy roads
  • Children with respiratory issues stay inside

AQI 151+ (Unhealthy): Stay Indoors

  • Do not take children to outdoor playgrounds
  • Use indoor play spaces instead
  • Even brief exposure poses health risk

Best Times for Playground Visits

Early Morning (7 AM - 10 AM)

Best choice: Lowest AQI, coolest temperatures, fewer crowds. Ideal for longer playground sessions. Ozone hasn't formed yet.

Late Morning (10 AM - 12 PM)

Good option: Still relatively good air quality. Check current AQI before heading out. Better than afternoon.

Afternoon (12 PM - 5 PM)

Worst air quality: Peak ozone formation, especially 2 PM - 4 PM. AQI can be 30-50 points higher than morning. Avoid if possible.

Evening (5:30 PM - Sunset)

Second best: Air quality improving as ozone dissipates. Good alternative to morning if schedule doesn't allow early visits.

Choosing Safer Playgrounds

Best Playground Locations

  • Parks with tree cover: Trees filter air naturally
  • Away from major roads: 100+ feet from busy streets ideal
  • Residential neighborhoods: Less traffic pollution
  • Near water bodies: Better air circulation
  • Higher elevation: Above street-level pollution

Playgrounds to Avoid in Poor Air Quality

  • Next to highways: 3-5x higher pollution exposure
  • Near industrial areas: Multiple pollutant sources
  • Parking lot edges: Vehicle exhaust exposure
  • Bus stops nearby: Diesel exhaust concentration
  • Urban canyons: Tall buildings trap pollution

Health Risks for Children at Playgrounds

Why Playgrounds Can Be Higher Risk

  • Children play at ground level where pollution settles
  • Running and climbing increases breathing rate 3-5x
  • Mouth breathing bypasses nasal filtration
  • Extended exposure during long play sessions
  • Many playgrounds located near roads for accessibility

Warning Signs to Watch For

  • Coughing or wheezing
  • Rubbing eyes frequently
  • Unusual fatigue or wanting to stop playing
  • Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
  • Throat clearing or complaints of scratchy throat
  • Headache or dizziness

Alternative Indoor Play Options

Indoor Play Spaces

  • Indoor playgrounds: Climbing structures in controlled environment
  • Recreation centers: Gym play and activities
  • Children's museums: Interactive exhibits
  • Trampoline parks: Active play indoors
  • Mall play areas: Climate-controlled option

At-Home Alternatives

  • Indoor obstacle courses
  • Dance parties and active games
  • Arts and crafts projects
  • Building with blocks or toys
  • Indoor treasure hunts

Parent Safety Checklist

Before Playground Visit

  • Check current AQI and hourly forecast
  • Plan visit for morning or evening if AQI is elevated
  • Choose playground away from busy roads
  • Have indoor backup plan if air quality deteriorates
  • Bring water for frequent hydration

During Playground Time

  • Monitor children for any breathing difficulty or coughing
  • Encourage water breaks every 15-20 minutes
  • Watch for unusual fatigue or desire to stop playing
  • Leave immediately if child shows respiratory symptoms
  • Limit running games if AQI is above 75

Special Considerations

Children with Asthma

  • Avoid playground when AQI exceeds 100
  • Always bring rescue inhaler to playground
  • Use preventive medication before outdoor play when AQI is 51-100
  • Choose less active play on moderate air quality days
  • Watch for early warning signs of asthma attack

Infants and Very Young Children

  • Most vulnerable to air pollution effects
  • Keep in stroller or carrier when AQI is 51-100
  • Avoid playground exposure above AQI 75
  • Developing lungs particularly susceptible to damage

School Recess Policies

  • Schools should have AQI-based outdoor recess policies
  • Indoor recess when AQI exceeds 100
  • Modified outdoor activities for AQI 76-100
  • Parents can request indoor recess for children with health conditions

Best Cities for Playground Air Quality

Excellent Year-Round

  • Honolulu, HI - Consistent ocean air
  • Portland, ME - Clean Atlantic air
  • Burlington, VT - Mountain air quality
  • Santa Barbara, CA - Coastal location

Generally Good

  • Seattle, WA - Clean most of year
  • San Diego, CA - Coastal breezes
  • Minneapolis, MN - Good air quality
  • Raleigh, NC - Generally clean